Mumakore akawanda emashure-80s uye mushure-ma90s ehudiki, mabharumu ehydrogen aikosha.Ikozvino, chimiro chemabharuni ehydrogen hachisiri chinogumira kumakatuni mapatani.Kune zvakare akawanda mambure matsvuku anoonekera mabharumu akashongedzwa nemwenje, anodiwa nevechidiki vazhinji.
Zvisinei, mabharumu ehydrogen ane ngozi zvikuru.Kana hydrogen yave mumhepo uye ichikwizwa nezvimwe zvinhu kugadzira magetsi asingachinji, kana kusangana nemirazvo yakavhurika, zviri nyore kuputika.Muna 2017, zvakanzi vechidiki vana muNanjing vakatenga matanhatu mabharuni matsvuku epamhepo, asi mumwe wavo netsaona akatsveta mabharuni achiputa.Somugumisiro, mabharumu matanhatu akaputika rimwe pashure perimwe, zvichiita kuti vanhu vanoverengeka vapiswe zvakaipisisa.Vaviri vaivewo nemapundu mumaoko, uye kutsva kumeso kwakasvika Grade II.
Nekuchengetedza, imwe mhando ye "helium balloon" yakaonekwa pamusika.Haisi nyore kuputika nekupisa, uye yakachengeteka kudarika bharumu rehydrogen.
Sei kushandisa helium mabharuni
Ngatitangei kunzwisisa kuti nei helium ichigona kuita kuti mabharumu abhururuke.
Magasi ekuzadza mabharumu akajairika ihydrogen nehelium.Nekuda kwekuti density yemagasi maviri aya yakadzikira pane yemhepo, density yehydrogen i0.09kg/m3, density yehelium i0.18kg/m3, uye density yemhepo i1.29kg/m3.Naizvozvo, kana vatatu ava vasangana, mhepo yakaomesesa inovasimudza zvinyoronyoro, uye bharumu richayangarara richikwira richienda kumusoro zvichienderana nekubhururuka.
Muchokwadi, kune akawanda magasi ane density yakaderera pane mhepo, senge ammonia ine density ye0.77kg/m3.Zvisinei, nokuti kunhuwa kweammonia kunogumbura zvikuru, zvinogona kushambadza nyore nyore paganda mucosa uye conjunctiva, zvichikonzera kutsamwa uye kuzvimba.Nezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, ammonia haigone kuzadzwa mubharumu.
Helium haina kuderera chete muhuwandu, asiwo yakaoma kupisa, saka yave yakanyanya kutsiva hydrogen.
Helium inogona kushandiswa kwete chete, asiwo yakawanda.
Helium inoshandiswa zvakanyanya
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti helium inogona kungoshandiswa kuzadza mabharuni, iwe hauna kururama.Muchokwadi, helium ine zvakawanda kupfuura izvi zvinokonzeresa patiri.Zvisinei, helium haina maturo.Izvo zvakatonyanya kukosha muindasitiri yemauto, tsvakiridzo yesainzi, indasitiri uye mamwe akawanda minda.
Kana kunyungudutswa nekukweshesa simbi, helium inogona kutsaura okisijeni, saka inogona kushandiswa kugadzira nharaunda inodzivirira kudzivirira kuita kwemakemikari pakati pezvinhu neokisijeni.
Mukuwedzera, helium ine nzvimbo yakaderera yekubikira uye inogona kushandiswa sefiriji.Liquid helium inoshandiswa zvakanyanya senge yekutonhodza svikiro uye yekuchenesa atomu reactor.Panguva imwecheteyo, inogona zvakare kushandiswa seyo booster uye booster yemvura roketi mafuta.Paavhareji, NASA inoshandisa mazana emamiriyoni emakubhiki tsoka yehelium gore rega rega mukutsvaga kwesainzi.
Helium inoshandiswawo munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehupenyu hwedu.Semuenzaniso, zvikepe zvemhepo zvichazadzwawo nehelium.Kunyangwe density yehelium yakakwira zvishoma pane yehydrogen, simba rekusimudza remabharumu akazadzwa nehelium uye zvikepe zvemhepo i93% yeiyo yemabharumu ehydrogen uye ngarava dzine huwandu hwakafanana, uye hapana misiyano yakawanda.
Uyezve, helium yakazadzwa nendege nemabharumu hazvigone kubata moto kana kuputika, uye zvakachengeteka zvakanyanya kupfuura hydrogen.Muna 1915, Germany yakatanga kushandisa helium segasi kuzadza ndege.Kana helium isipo, mabharumu anorira uye zvikepe zvemuchadenga zvinoshandiswa kuyera mamiriro ekunze zvingasakwanisa kukwira kumhepo kuti zvishande.
Uye zvakare, helium inogona zvakare kushandiswa mune diving masutu, neon mwenje, yakakwirira kumanikidza zviratidzo uye zvimwe zvinhu, pamwe nemabhegi mazhinji ekurongedza emachipisi anotengeswa pamusika, anewo huwandu hushoma hwehelium.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-09-2020